Causes of Conflict between India and Pakistan Essay

INTRODUCTION The history of Pakistan as an free rural started in 1947. This event happened when Great Britains subcontinent India was divided into ii regions, and the partitioned part is known today as the countries of Pakistan and India. The separation is the start of a series of changes due to the formation of the All-India League in 1906 in desire political rights for Muslims. The main person behind the forcing of the separation was Mohammed Ali Jinnan who served as the leagues president. His first-year movement was in working in Indias Congress political party for a free united India by dint of doubting respects of Hindus into the rights of Muslims. In 1940, a separate Islamic asseverate was insisted by Jinnah, and when the British departed in 1947, the Pakistan became a renowned member of the British Commonwealth of Nations(Bajpai 2003). When the British departed, a lot of Hindus migrated to India likewise a lot of Muslims fled to Pakistan. A string up of economy then followed Pakistan be give of shortage of Hindus working for them. Religious confrontations and communal riots occurred and the whip series of wars is happening among them(Bajpai 2003). The partition brought a bloody affair wherein millions of Hindus and Muslims, including the frank ones, were killed. Series of accusation increased the tensions. The main reason of the remainder between India and Pakistan is under national interest and world monitored.CAUSES OF CONFLICTS The Junaggadh at Gujarat, so utmost is the first cause of conflict. Pakistans Governor General Muhammad Ali Jinnah accession of the sports stadium in September 1947 started the misunderstanding. Despite of his argument t wear Hindus and Muslim could non lead as one nation from his Two Nation Theory he subdued fell to the scheme of avarice. So, Indias defense government minister Sardel Patel insisted to kick in the accession void and hold a plebiscite at Junagadah because if it was permitted to go with Pakis tan, it could cause a communal unrest across Gujarat.Knowing that the existing class little government is the Arzi Hukumat at Junagadah, Patel regulated the annexation of Junagadhs three principles since it is set about a financial collapse and fag endt resist Indian forces. India claims that it was them who first invited to accept their reins. Therefore, to give an answer to where the city pass on go with, a plebiscite was conducted in December 1947 to which it showed 99% of Junagadh civilians prefer India than Pakistan (Sadiq 2006). The territorial dis put ines is the southward a highly controversial issue. Kashmir is a Muslim-majority princely state hat is being ruled by a Hindu, Hari Singh that would neither go with India or Pakistans ruling. The conflict is initiated when the Pakistan perceive rumors that Hari Singh wants to assent Kashmir over India. Eager in any case take control, the paramilitary forces of Pakistan invaded Kashmir in September 1947. Although Kashmir i s well equipped and pay off to face the Pakistan, the trouble in weakening the law and the position of ordinate was put into consideration by Hari Singh so he asked for Indias dish to deal with the fuss.But Kashmir is not under the jurisdiction of India so by means of desperation, the Maharaja signed the Instrument of Accession. On October 27, 1947 at the Kashmirs capital, Srinagar, the Indian troops secured the area and the valley itself. Intense fighting was visible during that time. But, through Indian Prime Minister Nehru, he declared a ceasefire and want U.N. intervention and promised a plebiscite. Until now, both(prenominal) countries hold a division of the state under the Line of Control (LoC) which distinguishes the ceasefire line that was agreed in 1947. Furthermore, more or less of the other territorial quarrel includes the clash in Siachin glacier and dis obligation on Sir Creek. Also, Pakistans Baglihar Dam is a heat of discussion after being built in the Indian managed Kashmir part. The fourth comes from the Bengal refugee situation. Although at that place is signed a trade agreement, and commitment to resolving bilateral disputes through peaceful means, hundreds of thousands of Hindus returned to easterly Pakistan, after a lot refugees flooded into West Bengal and other states from easterly Pakistan(Sadiq 2006). The crisis is due to communal forcefulness, intimidation and repression from Muslim authorities. Yet, the agreed affairs did not take long, mainly because of the dispute owing to Kashmir. For the fifth crisis, it was the 1971 War in Pakistan and the Afghaniistan involvement. Brought by political problem in Pakistan, Indian intervention (Mukti Bahini of the Indian Military) in favor of the rebelling Bengal helped Eastern Pakistan win its indep block offence creating Bangladesh. This leads to an assault by Western Pakistan to India.For the Afghanistan issue, Pakistan effectively weathered Afghanistan from its twist against Sov iet Union policies. Pakistan has been involve in numerous anti-Soviet activities of Afghanistan too. So, the prime intelligence organization of India entered the anti-Soviet forces at Afghan region in order to dismantle it. Adding more, the Taliban regime at Afghanistan is potently supported by Pakistan to which it is firmly opposed by India and therefore criticizing Pakistan for its support to the terrorist group.The continues terrorist attacks, the sixth one, played role in the conflict., After the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attacks that happened to United States , there was a worldwide awareness and monitoring in terrorist organizations specifically to infrastructure in Pakistan because suspected militant activities is present and working in the country . The surveillance was proven true after a High-ranking theme members were captured by Pakistani officials and the evidence showed broadcast that they are operating in the country.Also, conflict with India is another dilemma that Musharraf is encountering. News on terrorist attacks is regularly heard and that this usually occurs in Jammu and Kashmir wherein the claim is due to Islamic extremists that was encouraged by policies of Pakistan. Citing or so examples of the terrorist events are Wandhama massacre in January 1998, assassination of Abdul Ghani Lone in Srinagar, the July 20, 2005 Srinagar bombing and the Budshah Chowk attack on July 29, 2005(Chellaney 2006).This event have lead into an all-out-war with terrorist globally.The 7th worst reason of the crisis is the homo rights violation .Both countries have been accused for human violations and have been always denying. Indian Security Forces was blamed by Pakistan Kasmiri organization for occurrence of human right abuses at the state (Bajpai 2003). It was absolutely denied by India, claiming that only a few incidents was their fault, and it was emphasized by them that most of the crimes and violence in Kashmiris are toiled by insurgents. Distric ts of Baramula and Anantnaq in Kashmir are mostly affected. frequence of different crimes such as rape and moves on kidnapping is evident. bust and rioting from time to time appear and laundering of peoples money almost happen everyday. This intensified type of insurgency appeared during 1980s.Finally, the Kargil problem is a situation that needs to be greatly considered. Attempts to restart a dialogue between the two nations are then being put into each mind for a solution to the conflicts. A major hitch up happened in February 1999 when a meeting was held by both Prime Minister at Lahore upon their signing of an agreements(Shakil-ur-Rahman 2007). However, the policy was not respected in may 1999 after the intrusion of Pakistani forces into Kargil at Jammu and Kashmir which is an Indian Territory. The Kargil conflict resulted into a strong battle among the forces of both country (Shahin 2004).It was the Indian army who made regained Kargil. And for the Pakistan, a military cou p effort overturned Nawaz Sharif government of October 1999 and proven a need for a mutual relation. At, 2001, Pakistans Pervez Musharraf talks for an agreement with Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vaipayee fell through in Agra summit. And, in June 20, 2004, with Indias new administrator, an extension in the ban of nuclear examen was agreed by both countries. Also, both requested for hotline set up between their foreign secretaries so that misunderstandings which could lead to nuclear war would be avoided (Shahin 2004).So far, these treaty although valued by both countries, is passive monitored because chances of conspiracy could still be mathematical. Right now, awareness at this issue is the spotlight of U.N. endpointGiving a probable answer for the situation, the best way to end the Kashmir violence is going into negotiations between Pakistan and India with the Kashmiris voice involvement. Yet, here are some specific possible solutions (1) the status quo, where the Line of C ontrol (LoC) would be formalise and accepted as the international boundary.But the main factor for this to be opposed by Pakistani is that, the country will get less little control over the region for it desires a greater part. Likewise, political parties of Kashmir would definedly be against it, due to the presence of referendum resolution from United States that would be violated. And (2), Kashmir could go to be an independent sovereign republic. For sure, most of the Kashmiris would support it since its tourism being the largest source of income would make them economically viable. But, this would be strongly disagreed for it requires both Indian and Pakistan (also China) in giving up the territory. To understand where is the crisis is going, no matter of who wins or looses from the battle, the Strategic Foresight Group (SFG) has presented the facts and figures about the cost of conflict between India and Pakistan(Ismail 2004). According to relevant information about the milit ary costs, both India and Pakistan are involved in arms race at dissimilar levels of lethality or tools. This is made in such manner that the projected figures can tear down images of both countries. The expense for these conflicts should not be taken critically by both countries because the dispute, practically speaking, obliterates them.To when will the conflict ends is still a question and needs further analysis. Regardless of how superior the prides of both countries go, it should always evaluate its own status to how long the situation will go, aside from the battle going within them, there are many more other factors within each country that needs an unwavering focus to deal with(Ismail 2004). Time to act and give a definite solution at this matter as soon as possible before further intimidation could arise from these two unsettled populate country.WORKS CITEDBajpai, K. S. (2003) Untangling India and Pakistan. Volume, insideChellaney, B. (2006) Let Pakistan not set the age nda. Volume, DOIIsmail, M. (2004) Cost of Conflict between India and PakistanVolume, DOISadiq, M. (2006) India-Pakistan Peace-Process and the Mumbai Bomb Blasts.Volume, DOIShahin, S. (2004) preoccupied by colonial ghosts Volume, DOIShakil-ur-Rahman, M. (2007) Peace talks slow provided steady India Volume, DOI